myDNA Comprehensive Health Report

Genetic variations in APOE influence lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk.

Genetic predisposition to protein needs.

Genetic predisposition to carbohydrate needs.

Genetic predisposition to fat needs.

Genetic predisposition to micronutrient needs.

Genetic predisposition to fiber needs.

Genetic predisposition to phytonutrient needs.

Genetic predisposition to lactose tolerance.

Genetic influence on caffeine metabolism.

MTHFR 677 and MTHFR 1298 genotypes determine folate requirements to assist normal homocysteine levels.

The V158M mutation in COMT can change how quickly your body breaks down dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline which affects mood, thinking, and stress.

MTR and MTRR use folate and vitamin B12 to produce a crucial substance called methionine.

MTR and MTRR use folate and vitamin B12 to produce a crucial substance called methionine.

MTHFD1 helps convert one form of folate into another form that is critical for making DNA and RNA, as well as for providing methyl groups for important cellular processes like methylation.

The PEMT C744G mutation is associated with having lower choline production in the liver.

The CBS gene helps turn homocysteine into important substances for our body, like proteins and antioxidants that fight cell damage.

MTHFR 677 and MTHFR 1298 genotypes determine your folate requirements to assist normal homocysteine levels.

Folinic acid is a second type of folate found in folate-rich food.

Vitamin B6 plays an important role in homocysteine metabolism and CBS gene function.

Vitamin B6 plays an important role in homocysteine metabolism and CBS gene function.

Vitamin B2 plays a special role in stabilising the MTHFR gene for homocysteine metabolism.

Choline and betaine play a crucial role in homocysteine metabolism, especially for those with variants in MTHFR.

Certain genotypes in the folate metabolism pathway can affect the metabolism of synthetic folic acid, leading to high circulating levels.

There are multiple genes in the estrogen detoxification pathway that have a cumulative value on the ability to properly detoxify oestrogen.

The primary male sex hormone, also important in women at lower levels. Testosterone regulates muscle mass, bone density, fat distribution, libido, and mood. Levels decline naturally with age in both sexes.

Pesticides, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic have all been shown to lower GSTP1 expression, increasing the elevation and toxicity of these chemicals and heavy metals.

A hormone secreted by fat cells that improves insulin sensitivity, reduces inflammation, and protects blood vessels. Unlike most fat-derived hormones, adiponectin levels decrease with obesity. Higher levels are associated with lower diabetes and cardiovascular risk.

Known as the 'hunger hormone', ghrelin is produced mainly by the stomach to stimulate appetite and food intake. It also plays roles in growth hormone release, energy balance, and gut motility. Levels rise before meals and fall after eating.

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds that are naturally produced by certain types of fungi.

Xenoestrogens are synthetic hormone disruptors found in plastics and pesticides.

Workers exposed to certain chemicals over a long period in the metalworking, petroleum, agricultural industries and in glass factories are at increased risk for occupational skin cancers.

ALDH2 encodes for aldehyde dehydrogenase, and variants can affect the levels of acetaldehyde and therefore the carcinogenic effect of alcohol.

Benzo(a)pyrene is a carcinogenic compound produced from the burning of wood or trash, tobacco smoke, asphalt, coal, diesel exhaust, charred meat, and gas cooking.

Aromatic amines are found in cigarettes, rubber factories, hair dyes that contain 4-aminobiphenyl, and meat cooked at high temperatures.

Aspartame is an artificial sweetener that has been linked to behavioral, neurological and cognitive problems, increased blood sugar, thyroid issues, and certain types of cancer.

Food dyes have been found to inhibit mitochondrial respiration - the ability of the powerhouse of your cells to convert nutrients to energy.

Glyphosate is an herbicide that has been found to be highly toxic.

Organochlorines are found in certain pesticides, PCBs and sucralose.

PONI plays a large role in removing pesticides and is also involved with supporting HDL function and LDL oxidation.

Chemical agriculture uses high amounts of synthetic organophosphates, creating a very high phosphorus content.

Mercury is a neurotoxin linked to neurological and behavioural disorders including tremors, insomnia, memory loss, neuromuscular effects, headaches, and cognitive and motor dysfunction.

Lead-based paint, lead-based dust in older buildings, contaminated water, and air pollution are the major sources of lead.

A bacterium that colonises the stomach lining, causing chronic gastritis and increasing the risk of peptic ulcers and stomach cancer. About half the world's population carries H. pylori, but most remain asymptomatic. Detected via breath test, stool antigen, or blood antibody testing.

A genus of yeasts that are part of normal flora in the mouth, gut, and vagina. Overgrowth causes candidiasis — oral thrush, vaginal yeast infections, or invasive systemic infection in immunocompromised patients. Testing detects the presence or abundance of Candida species.

Tests for Plasmodium parasites transmitted by mosquito bites. Malaria causes cyclic fevers, chills, and anaemia, and can be fatal if untreated. Rapid diagnostic tests detect parasite antigens in blood; microscopy of blood smears confirms species identification.

A highly contagious virus causing acute gastroenteritis (vomiting, diarrhoea). Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. PCR-based stool tests detect viral RNA and are most useful during acute illness.

A panel screening for DNA-based viruses including herpes simplex, Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, and human papillomavirus. These viruses establish lifelong latent infections and can reactivate during immune suppression.

The primary protein on LDL and VLDL particles. Each atherogenic lipoprotein particle carries exactly one ApoB molecule, making it a direct measure of the number of particles that can enter artery walls. Considered a superior predictor of cardiovascular risk compared to LDL cholesterol.

Considered 'bad' cholesterol; contributes to plaque buildup in arteries.

The most common type of fat in the body, stored for energy. Elevated triglycerides — often from excess sugar, alcohol, or calories — increase cardiovascular risk and can cause pancreatitis at very high levels.

Lp(a) is a cholesterol-carrying particle linked to genetic risk for heart disease. High levels increase cardiovascular risk.

A signalling molecule produced by the endothelium that relaxes blood vessels, lowers blood pressure, and improves circulation. Nitric oxide levels decline with age, contributing to cardiovascular disease. Measured indirectly via nitrate/nitrite levels.

An amino acid produced during protein metabolism. Elevated homocysteine is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cognitive decline. Levels are lowered by adequate B12, folate, and B6 intake.

A genetic risk assessment for thrombophilia — inherited conditions that increase blood clot risk. Tests for variants in Factor V Leiden, prothrombin gene (G20210A), and other coagulation pathway genes that predispose to deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

A waste product from the breakdown of purines (found in certain foods and body cells). High levels can form crystals in joints (gout) or kidneys (kidney stones). Also associated with cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.

Genetic testing for hereditary haemochromatosis, a condition causing excessive iron absorption and accumulation. Tests for HFE gene mutations (C282Y, H63D). Early detection allows treatment by regular blood removal (phlebotomy) before organ damage occurs.

The iron-rich protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout your body and returning carbon dioxide to the lungs. Low haemoglobin is the primary marker for anemia and can cause fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Measures the number of red blood cells in your blood. Red blood cells carry oxygen from your lungs to every cell in your body. Abnormal levels can indicate anemia, dehydration, or bone marrow disorders.

Measures the total number of white blood cells, your body's primary defense against infection. Elevated levels may indicate infection, inflammation, or immune disorders, while low levels can signal bone marrow problems or autoimmune conditions.

Measures the number of platelets, small cell fragments essential for blood clotting. Low platelets increase bleeding risk, while high platelets may increase clot risk. Important for monitoring clotting disorders and medication effects.

The percentage of your blood volume occupied by red blood cells. It reflects the balance between red blood cell production and loss, helping diagnose anemia, dehydration, and polycythemia.

The average size of your red blood cells. Small cells (microcytic) suggest iron deficiency, while large cells (macrocytic) may indicate vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Normal-sized cells with low count suggest chronic disease.

The average amount of hemoglobin in each red blood cell. Low MCH indicates that red blood cells carry less oxygen than normal, commonly seen in iron-deficiency anemia.

The most abundant type of white blood cell, forming the first line of defense against bacterial and fungal infections. Elevated neutrophils typically indicate active infection or inflammation.

Measures the number of lymphocytes, including B cells and T cells that drive adaptive immunity. Elevated levels may indicate viral infections, while low levels can signal immune deficiency or HIV.

Measures monocytes, the largest white blood cells. They mature into macrophages in tissues, where they engulf pathogens and dead cells. Elevated monocytes can indicate chronic infection or inflammatory conditions.

Measures eosinophils, white blood cells involved in fighting parasitic infections and mediating allergic responses. Elevated levels are associated with allergies, asthma, parasitic infections, and certain autoimmune conditions.

The rarest type of white blood cell, involved in allergic reactions and inflammatory responses. Basophils release histamine and heparin, contributing to immediate hypersensitivity reactions.

The combined measure of all cholesterol in your blood, including HDL, LDL, and VLDL. While useful as an overview, the breakdown between HDL and LDL is more clinically meaningful for assessing cardiovascular risk.

Often called 'bad' cholesterol, LDL deposits cholesterol in artery walls, contributing to plaque buildup and atherosclerosis. LDL is the primary target for cardiovascular risk reduction through diet, exercise, and medication.

Often called 'good' cholesterol, HDL carries cholesterol away from arteries back to the liver for removal. Higher HDL levels are protective against heart disease. Exercise, healthy fats, and moderate alcohol intake can raise HDL.

A liver enzyme that helps convert proteins into energy. ALT is found primarily in the liver, making it a highly specific marker for liver damage. Elevated levels may indicate hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or medication-related liver injury.

An enzyme found in the liver, heart, and muscles. While less liver-specific than ALT, elevated AST can indicate liver damage, heart attack, or muscle injury. The AST/ALT ratio helps distinguish between different liver conditions.

An enzyme found in the liver, bones, kidneys, and digestive system. Elevated ALP can indicate bile duct obstruction, liver disease, or bone disorders. It's normally higher in children and during pregnancy due to bone growth.

A waste product from normal muscle metabolism, filtered by the kidneys. Blood creatinine levels reflect kidney filtration capacity. Elevated levels may indicate impaired kidney function, dehydration, or excessive muscle breakdown.

A waste product from protein breakdown, processed by the liver and excreted by the kidneys. Elevated urea levels can indicate kidney dysfunction, dehydration, high-protein diet, or gastrointestinal bleeding.

Blood sugar — the body's primary energy source. Fasting glucose screens for diabetes and prediabetes. Chronically elevated glucose damages blood vessels and organs. Levels fluctuate with meals, stress, and physical activity.

Reflects your average blood sugar over the past 2–3 months by measuring the percentage of hemoglobin with attached glucose. HbA1c is the gold standard for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes, unaffected by daily fluctuations.

The primary screening test for thyroid function. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland to regulate thyroid hormone production. High TSH indicates an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), while low TSH suggests an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism).

A mineral essential for oxygen transport (in hemoglobin), energy production, and immune function. Serum iron measures the amount circulating in blood, but ferritin and TIBC provide a more complete picture of iron status.

The primary iron storage protein. Ferritin reflects total body iron stores and is the first marker to drop in iron deficiency. However, ferritin also rises with inflammation, infection, and liver disease, which can mask true iron deficiency.

The percentage of transferrin (iron-transporting protein) that is carrying iron. Calculated from serum iron and TIBC. Low saturation indicates iron deficiency; high saturation may indicate hemochromatosis (iron overload).

The best indicator of overall vitamin D status. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, bone health, immune function, and mood regulation. Deficiency is extremely common, especially in northern latitudes, and linked to increased disease risk.

Essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation. B12 deficiency can cause anemia, neuropathy, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. Common in vegans, vegetarians, older adults, and those taking metformin or acid-reducing medications.