Oestradiol (E2) (pg/mL)
Impacts acne, constipation, libido, depression, weight, PMS, period pain, and thyroid function. Low levels are seen in menopause, causing mood swings, vaginal dryness, hot flashes, night sweats, and osteoporosis.
Progesterone (P4) (ng/mL)
Crucial for the menstrual cycle, combats PMS and period pain, aids fertility, and promotes sleep.
LH (mIU/mL)
Governs the menstrual cycle, peaking before ovulation. Raised levels can signal lack of ovulation, menopause, or hormonal imbalance. A high LH/FSH ratio can indicate PCOS.
FSH (mIU/mL)
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is a hormone involved in the reproductive processes of the body. Abnormal levels can indicate reproductive or endocrine disorders.
LH to FSH Ratio
Normally 1:1; higher ratios (e.g., 2:1 or 3:1) may indicate PCOS.
Prolactin (ng/mL)
Prolactin stimulates milk production in women and affects reproductive health. Abnormal levels can indicate pituitary disorders.
Testosterone (ng/dL)
Testosterone is crucial for male sexual development and function, also present in lower amounts in females. Abnormal levels can indicate reproductive or endocrine disorders.
Free Androgen Index (FAI)
Calculated ratio estimating the amount of active, unbound testosterone in the bloodstream.
SHBG (nmol/L)
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a protein that binds to sex hormones, regulating their bioavailability. Abnormal levels can affect hormone balance.
IGF-1 (ng/mL)
Growth factor that mediates growth hormone effects
Cortisol (µg/dL)
Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress and low blood glucose. Abnormal levels can indicate adrenal issues.
DHEAS (µg/dL)
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that serves as a precursor to sex hormones. Abnormal levels can indicate adrenal or endocrine disorders.
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)
Overall cholesterol level in blood
LDL (mmol/L)
Often called "bad" cholesterol, contributing to atherosclerosis and heart disease.
HDL (mmol/L)
Often called "good" cholesterol, removing excess cholesterol and protecting against heart disease.
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood. High levels can increase the risk of heart disease.
Non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
Non-HDL cholesterol is the total cholesterol minus HDL cholesterol, representing all "bad" cholesterols. High levels can increase the risk of heart disease.
Creatine Kinase (U/L)
Enzyme leaking from injured muscle cells; prolonged elevation indicates overtraining.
High sensitivity CRP (mg/L)
A high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) test measures low levels of CRP and may be used to help evaluate an individual for risk of cardiovascular disease
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)
If you have diabetes your body doesn't process glucose effectively.
Bilirubin (mg/dL)
Bilirubin is a substance produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. High levels can lead to jaundice and indicate liver or bile duct problems.
ALP (U/L)
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme located mainly in the liver and the bones. High levels can indicate liver disease.
AST (U/L)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme created mainly by the liver and the heart. High levels can indicate damage to your liver caused by alcohol, drugs or hepatitis.
ALT (U/L)
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme mainly produced by the liver. A good indicator of liver damage caused by alcohol, drugs or hepatitis.
GGT (U/L)
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a liver enzyme which can be used to diagnose alcohol abuse as it is typically raised in long term drinkers.
Albumin (g/dL)
Albumin is a protein made by the liver that helps keep fluid in your bloodstream and carries various substances throughout your body. Low levels can indicate liver or kidney disease.
Total Protein (g/dL)
A measure of all of the proteins in the plasma portion of your blood. Proteins are important building blocks of all cells and tissues - they are important for body growth and health.
Globulin (g/dL)
Any of a group of simple proteins found in the blood.
Sodium (mmol/L)
Sodium (Na) helps regulate water balance and nerve function. Abnormal levels can affect hydration status and blood pressure.
Potassium (mmol/L)
Potassium (K) is essential for nerve function and muscle contraction. Abnormal levels can affect heart and muscle function.
Chloride (mmol/L)
Chloride is important for maintaining fluid balance and for the proper functioning of the digestive system.
Bicarbonate (mmol/L)
Higher than normal levels suggests trouble maintaining pH balance either by failing to remove carbon dioxide or because of an electrolyte imbalance. Elevations may be seen with severe vomiting, chronic lung problems and some hormonal disorders. Low levels may be seen with chronic diarrhoea, diabetic ketoacidosis and kidney failure.
Urea (mmol/L)
A high concentration of this waste product can indicate dehydration or that your kidneys aren’t working properly.
Creatinine (mg/dL)
Creatinine (Cr) is a waste product from muscle metabolism, filtered by the kidneys. Elevated levels can indicate kidney dysfunction.
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) assesses kidney function by estimating the rate at which kidneys filter waste from the blood.
Red Blood Cell Count (/µL)
Responsible for carrying oxygen around the body. A high count can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke, whilst a low count can mean your body isn’t getting the oxygen it needs.
Haemoglobin (g/dL)
A good measure of your blood's ability to carry oxygen throughout your body. Elevated haemoglobin can be an indicator of lung disease, whilst a low result indicates anaemia.
Haematocrit (%)
A measure of the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume. Elevated haematocrit can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.
MCV (fL)
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) measures the average size of red blood cells. Abnormal levels can indicate various types of anemia.
MCH (pg)
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) measures the average amount of hemoglobin in a red blood cell. Abnormal levels can indicate different types of anemia.
MCHC (g/dL)
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) measures hemoglobin concentration in a given volume of red blood cells. Abnormal levels can indicate anemia.
RDW (%)
RDW is a calculation of the variation in the size of your red blood cells. A high RDW value may indicate the presence of certain medical conditions, such as anaemia, liver disease, or vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.
White Blood Cell Count (/µL)
Responsible for fighting infection. A high count can indicate recent infection and even stress, whilst a low count can result from vitamin deficiencies, liver disease and immune diseases.
Eosinophils % (%)
Eosinophils % represents the percentage of eosinophils, white blood cells that fight infections and play a role in allergic reactions, in the total white blood cell count.
Monocytes % (%)
Monocytes % represents the percentage of monocytes, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections, in the total white blood cell count.
Lymphocytes % (%)
Lymphocytes % represents the percentage of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell involved in immune response, in the total white blood cell count.
Neutrophils % (%)
Neutrophils % represents the percentage of neutrophils, the most common type of white blood cell that fights infection, in the total white blood cell count.
Basophils % (%)
Basophils % represents the percentage of basophils, a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and inflammation, in the total white blood cell count.
Platelet Count (/µL)
Responsible for blood clotting and healing. A high count can indicate a risk of thrombosis, whilst a low count can lead to easy bruising.